Frequently Asked Questions

Image2PDF is a free tool that converts JPG/JPEG, JFIF, PNG, WEBP and BMP images into a PDF, and can also merge two existing PDFs into one. It runs in your browser: the images and PDFs you select are read and processed on your device by the page's JavaScript and are never uploaded by the site's code. It is built and maintained by Josh, an independent developer (see the About page).

Yes. There are no fees, paid plans or per-conversion charges, and no watermark is added to your PDFs. The site carries ads from Google AdSense. Each batch has size limits (20 images, 35 MB per image, 200 MB in total), but you can convert as many batches as you like.

No. There is no sign-up and no account system, so you do not enter an email address or password to use the converter or the PDF merger.

No. The images and PDFs you select are read and processed by JavaScript in your browser tab, and the finished PDF is created in your browser's memory and saved to your device. The site's code never uploads your files.

The page does load some third-party resources: Google AdSense (ads and Google's consent message), Cloudflare Web Analytics (cookieless page-view counting) and the pdf-lib library from cdnjs or jsDelivr. These receive normal visit data, such as your IP address, but not your files. To check, open the developer tools (F12), go to the Network tab, reload the page, then run a conversion: you will see requests for the page, ads, analytics and the pdf-lib library, but none that carries your images or PDFs.

Your files stay on your device. The site's code does not send them anywhere, so converting a scan of an ID card or a bank statement does not hand it to a server. The page is not ad-free, though: Google AdSense and Cloudflare Web Analytics receive normal visit data (such as your IP address and the page you are on), but not the contents of your files. The Privacy Policy has the details. On a shared computer, remember that the PDF is saved to that computer's downloads folder.

One thing the PDF can reveal: JPG photos are normally embedded unchanged, so any metadata in them, such as the camera model, date and GPS location of a phone photo, is stored in the PDF too. Remove it with a photo editor before converting if you do not want to share it.

The converter and the PDF merger do not set cookies. Google AdSense, which shows the ads and Google's consent message, uses cookies and local storage and may use them to personalize ads. Cloudflare Web Analytics, which counts page views, does not use cookies. You can manage personalized ads in Google's ad settings. More information is in the Privacy Policy.

JPG/JPEG, JFIF, PNG, WEBP and BMP. In short:

• JPG / JPEG and JFIF photos go into the PDF unchanged, so they lose no quality. A phone photo stored sideways with a rotation (EXIF orientation) tag is the exception: it is turned upright and saved again as a JPEG.
• PNG keeps its transparency, and its pixels are not compressed lossily.
• WEBP and BMP are converted to JPEG, with any transparent areas filled with white.

The converter page has the same summary in a table. HEIC/HEIF, GIF, TIFF and SVG files are not supported, even when renamed with a supported extension; adding one shows a message instead of the file being silently ignored.

That is fine. Image2PDF detects the real format from the file's content (its first bytes), not from its extension, so a WEBP or PNG image saved with a .jpg name still converts normally. In the same way, a GIF or TIFF file renamed to .jpg is recognised and rejected with a message.

Up to 20 images per batch. Each image can be up to 35 MB, and all selected images together can be up to 200 MB. Files over these limits are not added, and a message tells you which limit was reached. The limits keep memory use manageable, particularly on phones and tablets.

Not directly. HEIC is the default photo format on iPhones, but most browsers cannot decode it, so Image2PDF cannot read it. Adding a HEIC or HEIF file shows a message asking you to convert it to JPG or PNG first (for example, on a Mac, open the photo in Preview and choose File > Export).

To have your iPhone save future photos as JPEG, open the Settings app and go to Camera > Formats > Most Compatible. This only affects new photos; existing HEIC photos stay HEIC.

JPG photos from a phone that carry rotation (EXIF orientation) data are straightened automatically, so they do not end up sideways in the PDF.

There are three page size options:

• Match image (the default): each page is the image's pixel size at 96 pixels per inch (1 pixel = 0.75 pt). A 4032 × 3024 photo becomes a 42 × 31.5 inch page, which is fine for viewing on screen but is not a paper size. Pages are capped at 200 inches, the largest size PDF viewers accept, so an image over 19,200 pixels on a side gets a smaller page at its full resolution. For a document you want to print or submit, choose A4 or US Letter with the Fit scale option.
• US Letter: 8.5 × 11 inches (612 × 792 pt), the standard paper size in the US and Canada.
• A4: 210 × 297 mm (595.28 × 841.89 pt), the standard paper size in most other countries.

Orientation is set separately. Auto (the default) makes the page landscape when the image is at least as wide as it is tall, and portrait otherwise; Portrait and Landscape force one or the other.

Yes. Each selected image appears as a card with a thumbnail. Drag the cards, or use the arrow buttons on each card, to change the order. With the "Single PDF" output, the pages follow the order shown. With "One PDF per image", each image is saved as its own PDF instead; some browsers ask for permission before allowing several downloads at once.

Yes, two at a time. The PDF merger is below the image converter on the homepage. Choose PDF 1 and PDF 2, or drag the files onto the two slots, then merge them: the result contains the pages of PDF 1 followed by the pages of PDF 2 and is downloaded to your device. Like the converter, the merger runs in your browser and does not upload your files.

Each PDF can be up to 350 MB and 350 pages. Encrypted PDFs cannot be opened, including ones that open without a password but restrict printing or editing, so save an unprotected copy first. The pages are copied with pdf-lib, and document-level extras such as bookmarks (the outline) and fillable form fields may not carry over. To combine more than two files, merge two, then merge the result with the next one.

Fill (the default) scales the image so it covers the whole page, centered, and crops whatever overflows. The more the image's shape differs from the page, the more is cut off: a tall 1170 × 2532 phone screenshot placed on A4 with Fill loses about 35% of its height.

Fit scales the whole image to fit inside the page, centered, and leaves white margins where the shapes differ. Use it for document scans, screenshots and anything where every edge matters.

No other margins are added. With the "Match image" page size and Auto orientation, Fill and Fit give the same result, because the page already has the image's proportions.

The PDF contains the full-resolution image data, so its size depends mainly on the source files and their format:

• JPG / JFIF: embedded as they are, so the PDF is about the same size as the original files added together. Phone photos that need rotating are re-encoded, so their size can change.
• PNG: the pixels are stored without lossy compression, but they are re-compressed, so the size can differ from the original. Small palette-based PNGs, such as optimized screenshots, can become several times larger.
• WEBP and BMP: re-encoded as JPEG at quality 0.92, so the size changes. BMP files, which are uncompressed, usually shrink a lot; WEBP files can get larger.

The page size setting does not change the file size much, because the same image data is embedded either way. To get a smaller PDF, resize large images to a lower resolution before converting, or save PNG photos as JPG first.

Partly. After the page has finished loading, you can lose your connection and still convert images and merge PDFs, since the pdf-lib library is already in the tab. The site has no service worker and cannot be installed for offline use, so reloading or opening the page without a connection fails.

If an image cannot be read or embedded (for example, because the file is damaged), it is skipped, the other images are still converted, and a message lists which file(s) were skipped. When none of the images can be used, nothing is downloaded and the message says why. Files in unsupported formats, such as HEIC, GIF, TIFF or SVG, get a message when you add them rather than being silently ignored.

Try these steps in order:

1. Refresh the page: a reload often clears a temporary problem.
2. Check your files: they need to be JPG/JPEG, JFIF, PNG, WEBP or BMP (not HEIC), with no more than 20 images, 35 MB per image and 200 MB in total.
3. Try another browser: use a current version of Chrome, Firefox, Edge or Safari with JavaScript enabled.
4. Free up memory: very large images, or many at once, use a lot of memory. Close other tabs or convert fewer images per batch.
5. Clear your browser cache: an outdated cached copy of the page can occasionally cause problems.

If none of this helps, use the Contact page to report the problem, with your browser name and version and the type of file you used.